Publish Time: 2026-01-06 Origin: Site
Technical Selection Guide: Deep Analysis of the Core Differences between Disc Spring and Wave Spring
In the expansive realm of elastic components, disc springs and coil springs are two key elements that share similar appearances but fundamentally differ in their core mechanisms. A precise understanding of their essential distinctions forms the foundation for efficient and reliable mechanical design. As a manufacturer proficient in both types, Jiangsu Sunzo Elastic provides a clear comparative guide, covering design philosophy, mechanical characteristics, and typical applications.
Morphology: It presents a standard discoid shape, with its core feature being a truncated conical (frustum) structure precision-stamped or forged from metal sheets. This configuration exhibits high axial symmetry.
The design intention is to create an efficient force flow path, which converts the axial load into radial stress uniformly in the cone surface, and thus achieves the goal of bearing the maximum load in the minimal axial space.
Form: A continuous, periodic wavy undulation is machined on a thin ring or disc. Depending on the requirements, it can be classified into single-layer wave springs and multi-layer (nested) wave springs.
Design Intent: The wave shape provides elasticity by introducing controllable bending deformation in the plane. Its core advantage lies in providing relatively soft and precise elasticity in extremely thin installation space while maintaining a larger contact area.
Comparison of Disc Spring and Wave Spring Characteristics
Characteristic dimension | disk spring | wave spring |
stiffness and load | It has high rigidity and strong load-bearing capacity. With a large diameter and extensive force-bearing area, it offers high energy storage per unit volume, making it particularly suitable for withstanding high-intensity compressive loads and certain lateral loads. | The stiffness is relatively low, and the load is moderate. It operates within a range of relatively small load and deformation, providing a soft and linear elastic force. |
moment displacement characteristic | The characteristic curve is diverse, which can be linear, increasing or decreasing (by adjusting the ratio of h₀/t), and even can achieve zero stiffness or negative stiffness region. | The characteristic curve is usually approximate linear, and the force value increases steadily and predictably with the displacement. |
space efficiency | The axial space utilization is very high, and the thrust is very large with the minimum installation height. | It has high radial space utilization and is irreplaceable in the case of extremely limited axial space (e.g. thin-walled groove). |
Scenarios where disc springs are preferred:
Heavy-duty shock absorption and damping: engineering machinery, rail transit, hydraulic cylinder buffer.
High energy pre-tightening and locking: bolt pre-tightening, flange connection, mine brake (e.g. JB/T 3812).
Large load safety devices: safety valve, clutch clamping.
Special mechanism is needed for nonlinear stiffness or constant force.
Scenarios for preferred wave spring:
The axial space is strictly limited, so the pre-tightening is necessary, such as the pre-tightening of bearing, the elimination of axial clearance of gear, and the pre-tightening of electronic device.
Sealing requiring gentle and uniform pressure: compensating for light-load seals.
Micro force adjustment and reset in precision instrument.
It realizes zero gap elastic compensation instead of traditional O-ring.
At Jiangsu Sunzo Industry, we combine mature disc spring and wave spring product lines with deep technical expertise. Our value lies in:
Our unbiased solution proposal: We do not favor any particular product. Our technical engineers will conduct an objective analysis based on your specific operational conditions (load, displacement, space, cost) to recommend the most suitable type of elastic component—whether it be a disc spring, coil spring, or helical spring.
Cross-type design capability: When a single standard type cannot fully meet requirements, we offer innovative combination solutions or customized designs. For example, in cases requiring large stroke with limited space, we may recommend a set of paired disc springs or multi-layer corrugated springs; for applications demanding high load capacity with height constraints, laminated disc springs could be the optimal solution.
End-to-end support from design to product: From selection consultation and mechanical analysis to precision manufacturing and testing, we ensure you receive not just a product, but an optimized solution.
Selecting the right elastic element is the first step to successful design. With our professional expertise and extensive product portfolio, we will help you take this crucial step.
SUNZO has it’s own researching and development team and test center, has participate in rule-making of the latest national industry standards and the international ISO standards for disc springs.
Home About Us Disc Spring Wave Spring Other Springs Contact Us